Super battery / graphene battery is not the most cattle inventory 12 new battery technology

A battery is a device that converts the energy produced by a chemical reaction directly into electrical energy. It has stable voltage, stable current, stable power supply for a long time, little influence from the outside world, simple structure, convenient carrying, simple and convenient charging and discharging operation, stable and reliable performance, and brings a lot of convenience to modern social life.

In 1800, the Italian scientist Volta made a different volume of metal and electrolyte to make a Volta pile, which is considered to be the first power supply device in human history. Humans have invented lead-acid batteries, zinc-manganese dioxide dry batteries with NH4Cl as electrolyte, cadmium-nickel batteries, iron-nickel storage, alkaline zinc-manganese batteries and lithium-ion batteries.

As the topic of Samsung Note7 explosion continues to ferment, the battery behind the scenes has once again become the focus of our attention. Inevitably, many people worry that we have to work with Lithium Batteries with performance close to the limit for a long time? The answer is of course no. In fact, we still have a lot of new batteries that are poised to break the pattern. Let's take a look at the new battery technology.

1, domestic super battery debut

Recently, Extreme Power Technology (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. demonstrated a super battery with a battery life and charging capability, which is only 3-5 minutes.

From the picture, we can see that the battery has a cylindrical design and is neatly arranged in a row. This design ensures that there is a gap in the middle of each battery to facilitate heat dissipation.

Wei Wei, chairman of Extreme Power, said that this super battery is mainly used in the bus and the crane that lifts the container at the dock. An electric bus needs 297 batteries.

He said, "Our battery is a nickel-metal hydride battery. Although it is not as thin or light as a Lithium Battery in terms of size and weight, it is definitely superior to lithium batteries in terms of safety and charging capacity."

It is understood that in the case of normal temperature 20-40 ° C, the super battery is charged once for 3-5 minutes, and the life expectancy is 5-8 years. When the vehicle is on the hybrid electric vehicle, the super battery can recover energy whenever the vehicle brakes, that is, it can be automatically charged. It is estimated that after using a super battery, the fuel economy of a hybrid electric bus can reach about 40%.

In addition, battery safety is better than lithium batteries. Super batteries have been subjected to a series of experiments such as needle punching, extrusion, high temperature, falling, etc., and will not be as explosive as lithium batteries.

2, Honda commercial magnesium battery is coming

Recently, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. and a research and development team have worked together to develop the world's first practical magnesium rechargeable battery. It is understood that the cost of magnesium is 96% lower than that of lithium. In addition, the battery life is longer. Japanese media reported that the new battery may become a disruptive product. After installing a new battery, the smartphone and other devices can be charged once. Longer battery life.

According to reports, the lead research and development activities are the Saitama Industrial Technology Center (Saitec), and the Honda R&D team evaluated the feasibility of the battery in Heguang. Developers expect magnesium batteries to be commercially available in smartphones and other portable devices. Magnesium battery developers hope to sell their products by 2018. Honda Motors and the Saitec team will present the battery at the Science Conference in Chiba (near Tokyo, Japan) next month.

It is understood that the researchers used magnesium in rechargeable batteries to encounter the same difficulties. During charging, discharging and discharging, the charging performance of magnesium will rapidly degrade. Based on this, researchers have developed a new material, vanadium oxide, which will It is applied to the positive electrode, which makes it easier for ions to flow between the vanadium oxide and magnesium negative electrodes. Vanadium oxide can increase the number of times magnesium is charged and prevent decay. To improve safety, the researchers added an organic substance that reduces the risk of fire in magnesium batteries.

3, lithium sulfur battery

Recently, the Japan Industrial Technology Research Institute announced that it has jointly developed a lithium-sulfur battery with the University of Tsukuba. By using a metal-organic framework as a battery separator, it has achieved long-term stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics. According to reports, this lithium-sulfur battery can still maintain a charging capacity of up to 900 mAh/g after 1500 cycles of 1C current density (current value at the end of discharge after 1 hour of constant current discharge).

A lithium-sulfur battery using sulfur as a positive electrode of a lithium battery has a high positive electrode capacity (theoretical value is 1675 mAh/g), and is expected as a new generation battery. In the first flight of the solar-powered aircraft in 2008, lithium-sulfur batteries were used. During the daytime, the photovoltaic panels on the solar-powered aircraft provided only flight capacity and charged lithium-sulfur batteries to maintain the power required for night flight.

4, solid lithium battery

The main difference between a solid-state lithium battery and a conventional lithium-ion battery is that it replaces a conventional organic electrolyte with a solid electrolyte. Conventional lithium ion rechargeable batteries using organic electrolytes may cause electrolyte heating due to abnormalities such as overcharging and internal short circuits, and may cause spontaneous combustion or even explosion. Solid-state lithium batteries using solid electrolytes not only greatly improve safety, but also greatly improve their service life and energy density.

Since the solid lithium battery does not contain liquid inside, it eliminates any liquid leakage problem, and the volume and weight are reduced compared with the conventional lithium battery, and the adaptability is stronger. These advantages are very beneficial for the storage and new energy of the solid lithium battery. Application in the field of energy vehicles. At present, research and industry are developing and producing solid lithium batteries, and regard them as the most promising new generation battery products.

5, the new flow battery

The flow battery is larger than conventionally used rechargeable batteries because the flow battery has a different form and function than a common lithium ion battery. In the flow battery unit, the liquid electrolyte circulates in two container cases, and the two cases are separated by a membrane. The ion transfer through the film achieves charge transfer, and the whole process is similar to that of a hydrogen fuel cell. The flow battery pack has higher safety than the lithium ion battery. Even if it is left for a long time, the electric energy will not be lost, so it is suitable for storing renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy.

Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have developed a new organic flow battery using low-cost and sustainable synthetic molecules, which are about 60% less expensive than common all-vanadium flow batteries. This also makes the new flow battery have a huge advantage in the field of energy storage.

6, liquid metal battery

A liquid metal battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy through a redox reaction of a liquid metal. The liquidity of the metal is the characteristic of the battery. The liquid metal battery has high rate of charge and discharge and the scalability of the battery system. This also enables the liquid metal battery to meet both energy and power applications. Large-scale energy storage has broad application prospects.

A team of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has developed a new all-liquid metal battery system that is inexpensive and has a long service life. According to the research team, the device allows wind and solar renewable energy to compete with traditional energy sources.

7, blade green battery

A team of researchers at the University of Maryland recently developed a new, inexpensive material that will act as a negative on a new generation of batteries. In the experiment, the team found that after the oak leaves were heated to 1000 degrees Celsius, their carbon-based structure would be collapsed, and then the remaining material could contain the electrolyte. Right now, the team is testing other natural materials, including peat soil and banana peel.

8, fast charge graphene battery

As we all know, the life of the battery will gradually shorten as the number of charge and discharge increases, and the researchers at Swinburne University of Technology in Australia are trying to solve this problem. They have developed a new graphene battery that not only has a super fast charge capability (a few seconds), but also has a very durable durability. The developer has a lifetime of life. The use of graphene materials overcomes all the shortcomings of traditional batteries, and it is also environmentally friendly and inexpensive.

9, the battery made of sugar

The Virginia Tech team developed a battery made of sugar, which has the advantage of superior battery life. Researchers isolated maltose from sugar, which is the source of energy for this new battery. When maltosaccharin comes into contact with air, the battery releases electrons to generate electricity. Because of the low sugar content and large stock, this new battery is less expensive and most importantly it has degradable properties.

10, not bad nanowire battery

The battery was completely unintentionally discovered by the University of California's R&D staff, which made the traditional lithium battery useless. R&D personnel made nanowires in gold and then combined them with new materials. This combination greatly increased the number of times the battery was charged and discharged, and the battery performance did not decrease with the increase in the number of times of charging.

11, self-destruction battery

The self-destructive battery is not aimed at the mass market, but it can be used in special areas, and it also overcomes the problem of the previous disposable battery polluting the environment. Developed by Iowa State University, this battery is primarily used for military purposes and can be detonated by light, heat or liquid. In addition, even if it enters the water after detonation, it will not pollute the water body.

12. Edible brine battery

This battery has brought the concept of environmental protection to the extreme. In order to make a name for its own battery, AquionEnergy's Wittke actually smashed a battery and ate it (it is definitely not very good). The components of this battery are made of bio-derived materials, which may be dust, cotton, carbon or salt water before they are transformed into batteries. However, this battery is not intended for mobile devices. It is a “big business”, such as a backup power source for a home or company, and environmentally friendly wind or solar energy.