Disassemble the lead-acid battery

The maintenance-free battery has the characteristics of low price, easy to carry, large capacity, etc., and has been used in many aspects such as emergency lights, flashlights, UPS power supplies, motorcycles, electric bicycles, and electric tricyclists. However, if used improperly, it will cause damage to the battery and even scrap it. In fact, as long as appropriate repairs are made, the capacity of most batteries can wait until a certain degree of recovery.

The cover of this kind of battery is sealed with sealing glue, and it needs to be steamed in a steamer until the sealing glue has melted before it can be removed or blown with a hot hair dryer until the glue has melted. Be careful not to blow the plastic shell of the battery.

Battery, the device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called chemical battery, generally referred to as battery. After discharge, the internal active substances can be regenerated by charging - the electrical energy is stored as chemical energy; Chemical energy is converted into electrical energy again when it is needed to discharge. This type of battery is called a StorageBattery, also known as a secondary battery.

The so-called battery is a kind of electrical chemical equipment that stores chemical energy and releases electrical energy when necessary.

The maintenance-free battery has the characteristics of low price, easy to carry, large capacity, etc., and has been used in many aspects such as emergency lights, flashlights, UPS power supplies, motorcycles, electric bicycles, and electric tricyclists. However, if used improperly, it will cause damage to the battery and even scrap it. In fact, as long as appropriate repairs are made, the capacity of most batteries can wait until a certain degree of recovery.

Common repair problems and treatment

1. Maintenance-free battery (hereinafter referred to as battery) basically does not produce bubbles when charging, and can be in a sealed state, eliminating maintenance work such as adding acid. However, it is impossible for the battery to completely produce no gas during the charging and discharging process, and in order to release the gas, the battery cannot be completely sealed. Pry open the plastic cover on the top of the battery, and you can see that each small battery has a filling hole covered with a rubber cap, and the water of the battery can be evaporated through the rubber cap. Even if the battery is not used, the water will evaporate, causing the battery capacity to decrease, and the battery will dry out and cannot be charged and discharged in serious cases. For this type of battery, as long as distilled water or pure water is added to the battery, and then a few charging and discharging cycles, most of the capacity of the battery can be restored. For example: a 12V7.2Ah battery, the use time is not long, the charge is discharged after 14V, the short circuit current is only more than 300 mA. Open the lid to check, the liquid has been nearly dry, injected distilled water and charge and discharge cycle twice, the capacity restored to 84%, has been able to work normally.

2. When the battery is discharged, the sulfuric acid concentration and specific gravity of the electrolyte decrease, and after complete discharge, the specific gravity is reduced to 1.11 at 15 ° C. Generally, the proportion rises when charging, and the proportion after full charge in summer is 1.25~1.26, and the proportion is 1.27~1.28 in winter. Because the battery is in a sealed state, when in use, it can only be determined whether it has been charged or discharged according to the voltage of the battery. When the 6V and 12V batteries are fully charged, the voltage is 6.8V to 7V and 13.6V to 14V, and when the 6V and 12V batteries are fully discharged, the voltage is 5.3V and 10.6V, respectively. If the battery is over-discharged or in a semi-discharge state for a long time, the battery will be vulcanized, the vulcanized battery can not be eliminated by adding distilled water and conventional charging methods, only when the concentration of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is relatively low, the vulcanization can be eliminated.

If the battery is not seriously vulcanized and the capacity is not reduced much, a small current (0.05A or less) can be used to charge the battery for a long time. If the vulcanization of the battery is more serious, it can be charged to the highest voltage (6V battery to 7V, 12V battery to 14V), use a syringe to draw the electrolyte in the battery, and then inject distilled water to dilute the electrolyte. After 1 to 2 hours of charging, extract the electrolyte, inject distilled water, and repeat the above operation until the specific gravity of the extracted electrolyte no longer rises significantly (generally 2 to 3 times). At this time, try to reverse the electrolyte extraction, and then inject the specific gravity of 1.25~1.28 sulfuric acid according to the ambient temperature, and then full charge after discharge, check the specific gravity of electrohydraulic. If the specific gravity is small, the electrolyte can be extracted again and injected with sulfuric acid to make the specific gravity of the electrolyte reach the standard. Note that the electrolyte injected into the battery should not be more, until the sponge-like substance in the battery is filled with electrolyte, the excess electrolyte can be extracted, and the repair work is completed. Example: A SonyBP603Ah battery, used as a power source for 3/4 inch cameras in the 1980s, was badly vulcanized. After the repair, the capacity was restored to 2.2Ah.

3. Some batteries of the connection bridge or battery to the external lead line is broken (in most cases, the positive and negative lead line is broken), the battery can not work. The altered battery can only be repaired if the broken part is found. Using the above method of copper plating, use a multimeter to find the battery with abnormal voltage or small output current, and the breaking point is on the battery. After finding, open a hole in the plastic cover at the fracture, the size of the hole can be extended into the fracture for welding, should not be too large. After welding, check that the connection is normal, use plastic or epoxy resin to close the open hole, and then use the above method to revive, the battery can be put back to work.

3. If there is a short circuit fault inside the battery, the low voltage and large current can be used to burn the short circuit point. If the active substance falls off (manifested as a brown substance in the extracted electrolyte), it indicates that the battery life has ended, and this type of battery does not need to be repaired. However, if only one or two of the batteries end their life, the one or two batteries can be short-circuited, and the remaining batteries can be used as lower voltage batteries.